In the vast landscape of architecture, there are artists who transcend conventional boundaries and challenge established perceptions of space. Eduardo Chillida, the renowned Spanish sculptor, is a master of this art. His brilliant work has woven a poetic dialogue between mass and void, form and absence, creating a visual symphony that resonates in the minds of those who immerse themselves in his sculptures.
The weight of light in architecture: ‘Elogio del Horizonte’ (In Praise of the Horizon)
One of Chillida’s most emblematic works is the monumental sculpture known as ‘Elogio del Horizonte’, located in Gijón, Spain. Erected in 1990, this masterpiece embodies the very essence of Chillida: a masterful exploration of the interplay between the weight of matter and the ethereal presence of space.
‘Elogio del Horizonte’ rises majestically above the coastline, a series of abstract forms intertwining with the horizon over the sea. The bulky, angular elements of the sculpture defy gravity, creating a thought-provoking visual choreography. Chillida challenges the architect to consider not only the physical construction, but also the ethereal influence that a structure can exert on its surroundings.
Image 1. Elogio del Horizonte, Eduardo Chillilda. Source: Flickr
A sculptural dance: ‘Buscando la Luz’ (Searching for Light)
Another outstanding work that shows Chillida’s mastery is ‘Buscando la Luz’, located in Barcelona. Erected in 1993, this sculpture is a testament to Chillida’s unique ability to bring seemingly static forms to life by playing with light and shadow.
‘Buscando la Luz’ features a series of interconnected elements that intertwine like lines in a sculptural pentagram. Strategic openings allow sunlight to penetrate and transform the work throughout the day. Here, Chillida challenges architects to consider not only the static form of a structure, but also its ability to dialogue with the surrounding light and atmosphere.
Image 2. Buscando la luz, Eduardo Chillida. Source: Flickr
The silence of forms: ‘Peine del Viento’ (The Comb of the Wind)
Perhaps Chillida’s most iconic work, ‘Peine del Viento’, located in San Sebastian, is a testament to the dialogue between sculpture and the natural environment. The sculpture was created in collaboration with the architect Luis Peña Ganchegui and consists of a series of steel forms that emerge from the rocks and plunge into the sea.
‘Peine del Viento’ embodies Chillida’s philosophy of capturing silence and the essence of forms in space. The sound of the wind and waves becomes an integral part of the experience, beckoning quiet and deep contemplation.
Image 3. Peine del Viento, Eduardo Chillida. Source: Flickr
Commemorative works in architecture
Renowned architects are organising themed exhibitions and symposiums dedicated to Chillida’s work. These events will provide a space to reflect and exchange ideas on how Chillida’s aesthetics and philosophy could influence the development of contemporary architecture. They are being sponsored by the Eduardo Chillida – Pilar Belzunce Foundation, with the support of the Ministry of Culture and Sport and the Basque Government. These initiatives reflect the desire to promote the sculptor’s work, as well as his values and artistic perception to a global audience. Some of the highlights include:
- Maeght Universe at Chillida Leku, Hernani, from 2 December 2023 to 14 April 2024. This exhibition highlights Chillida’s relationship with Galería Maeght.
- Sculptors & Spaces: Anthony Caro and Eduardo Chillida at the Museum Würth, Künzelsau (Germany), from 17 December 2023 to 27 October 2024, exploring the connections between these two sculptors.
- Eduardo Chillida. Construir el espacio (To build the space) at Casa de Cultura de Avilés, Avilés, from 20 December 2023 to 3 March 2024.
- Eduardo Chillida. El espacio de las cosas (The space of things) at the Galería de Arte del Centro de Extensión de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Lira, Chile, from 19 March 2024 to 30 June 2024.
- Chillida and Balenciaga. Plegar la forma (Bending form) at Cristóbal Balenciaga Museum, Getaria, from 22 March 2024 to 9 January 2025, exploring the intersections between fashion and sculpture.
Ephemeral architectural installations
In addition, ephemeral architectural installations inspired by Chillida’s work will be set up in various urban locations, with the aim of creating unique spatial experiences that pay tribute to the Spanish master. These initiatives will challenge architects to recreate Chillida’s essence in new forms and structures that interact dynamically with their surroundings.
The significance of Chillida for architecture
Eduardo Chillida’s importance for contemporary architecture lies in his ability to defy convention, to explore the very essence of space through forms that invite contemplation and reflection. His legacy is reflected not only in the commemorative initiatives taking place this year, but also in the ongoing influence he exerts on the way architects conceptualise and construct space.
Chillida is not just a sculptor; he is an architect of the void, a poet of material. His 100th anniversary is an opportunity for architecture to celebrate the legacy of his creativity, audacity and technical skill. By exploring his works and his meticulous approach to materials, contemporary architects can find inspiration to transcend conventional limitations and create spaces that endure over time.
